Sunday, July 13, 2014

Rest is Not Just Rest, if Offered by Christ – A Comparative Exegesis of Matthew 11:25-30 to Luke 5:1-11 and Matthew 13:1-9



Have you wondered why your honest diligent efforts are not bearing any fruit, finding yourself in ever growing frustration?  Have you ever felt as if the harder you had worked to improve the situation, the worse it became? 

Perhaps, it is like catching nothing in spite of hours of efforts to catch fish. You have exhausted all possible fishing techniques. Yet, no catch at all.  Imagine how frustrated and tired you could be, if you had to go through such a situation.

According to the Gospel of Luke, 5:1-11, an accomplished fisherman of Capernaum, Simon, whom Jesus calls Peter upon giving the key to the Kingdom of God (Matthew 16:19), had this kind of frustrating experience with his efforts. 

Simon and his fellow fishermen were fishing very hard all night. So, they would have expected to net many fish. But, in spite of their diligent efforts, they caught no fish.  Imagine, how frustrating it could have been to Simon and other fishermen.

This is where Jesus appeared and told Peter where to put the net, resulting in a great catch!  
Listening to and following what Jesus invited to do sure relieved Simon and his fellow fishermen from hours of frustration, which have worn them out.
………………………………………….

The Gospel reading for the 14th Sunday (Year A), Matthew 11:25-30, can be put in the context of a frustrating life situation, like what Simon had with no catch in spite of his efforts in Luke 5:1-11. A common factor between Matthew 11:25-30 and Luke 5:1-11 is about a relieving effect of accepting what Jesus offers. In the former Gospel narrative, it is rest, followed by his yoke, and in the latter Gospel story, it is an advice, followed by an invitation to become fishers of men.

The 14th Sunday Gospel story, Matthew 11:25-30, follows the narrative of Jesus’ criticism of unrepentant cities on the coasts of the Sea of Galilee (the Lake of Gennesaret) , Korazin, Bethsaida, and Capernaum (Matthew 11:20-24).  Jesus cast harsh words on these cities of Galilee for their pride, which prevents them from repenting, making reference to God’s condemnation upon Tyre and Sidon, as well as, Sodom, in the Old Testament.

Following this narrative, Jesus praises the Father, Lord of heaven and earth, for keeping what Jesus offers and their effects hidden from the wise and learned – but revealing them to children (Matthew 11:25).  What this corresponds to the story of Simon’s futile efforts of fishing in Luke 5:1-11 is that his pride and sins kept him from catching any fish. However, Simon was able to let his pride down in response to Jesus’ offer of fishing advice. So, he accepted the advice and lowered the net.

The Simon’s lowered net upon accepting Jesus’ fishing advice symbolizes Simon’s pride giving its way to humility. Thus, fish was no longer hidden from Simon, as his net became full of fish. Furthermore, he himself recognizes his own sinfulness, feeling that he was not worthy of being benefited from Jesus and what he offers (Luke 5:8). Yet, Simon did not reject Jesus and what he offers out of his feeling of unworthiness.  In fact, he accepted what Jesus offers – an advice of not letting his heart troubled and accepting his invitation to become a fisher of men, by following his way (Luke 5:9).

Simon’s experience in Luke 5:1-11 parallels Matthew 11:25-30, as Simon’s pride and sinfulness in the former Gospel narrative corresponds to the pride and sinfulness of the wise and learned in the latter Gospel narrative.  What the Father hide from the wise and learned (Matthew 11:25) to Simon in Luke 5:1-11 is fish. And, as Simon’s pride became transformed into his humility, symbolized with his lowered net, accepting Jesus’ advice (Luke 5:5), the Father no longer hide fish from Simon, for he has spiritually grown from being “wise and learned” into a “child”.

In Matthew 11;25, Jesus invite children (Matthew 11:25), who can understand the truth in Matthew 11:27 (No one knows the Father except the Son and those to whom he chooses to reveal Him, as no one knows the Son, until Simon confesses that Jesus is the Son in Matthew 16:16) to receive what he offers. In this context, Jesus offers rest and his yoke to those who are as humble as children. In Luke 5:1-11, Jesus invited Simon to become humble by putting his net lower and offered fish to fill the net. And, Jesus also invited Simon to accept a “new yoke” by asking to follow his way and become a fisher of men, rather than sticking to the “old yoke” of being a proud fisherman of Galilee, subject to nature’s whim. 

Putting down his pride, symbolized with the lowered fishing net, to Simon in Luke 5:1-11, the Father began to reveal what was hidden from him, not only fish but rather the divine power vested in Jesus, as he began to show his humility – his ability to become a child. And, the Father furthermore revealed the fact that Jesus is the Son only to Simon, who has lowered his pride (Matthew 16:16-17). This was how Simon’s life-long transformation began, from a proud fisher man in Galilee, to whom the Father was hiding what the Son can offer, into not only a fisher of men but also the rock upon which the Son builds his Church.  This transformation was cemented on Pentecost, the infusion of the powerful Holy Spirit as described in Acts 2:1-12.

The above exegesis of Matthew 11:25-30 in comparison to Luke 5:1-11 suggests that the rest that Jesus offers in Matthew 11:28 to those who are weary and burdened is not simply a physical and emotional respite. Rather, it is something that transforms our lives completely, as what Jesus offered to Simon in Luke 5:1-11 led to his permanent life transformation.  And, this transformation comes with healing, as symbolized with rest.  But, if we have pride like the wise and learned do, then, we find it difficult to understand and appreciate Jesus’ offer of rest in Matthew 11:28. Also, our pride in ourselves makes it difficult to take the yoke of Jesus, which is to love, as said in John 13:34-35, reflecting God, who is love (1 John 4:8). 
Clinically, our own pride puts us at a greater risk of becoming weary and burdened, as Simon might have felt during these night hours of no catch despite his hard efforts of fishing.  Jesus explains this clinical problem of pride in Matthew 11:25 – a life without the Son and what he offers.  In fact, our pride may cut us from God, making us more individualistic and narcissistic. The greater our pride is, the less we appreciate God and the covenant with Him. 

In the Old Testament, there are so many episodes on how human pride and wisdom can push us out of God’s covenant and how such a life outside the covenant can turn into. Those who live with their own pride and wisdom live in growing weariness and under increasing burdens. If they choose not to return to the covenant with God, through reconciliation, then, they would eventually perish under the weight of their own weariness and burden. But, those who turn their hearts back to God through reconciliation will live a good life in the covenant. 

After so many pride-driven breakaways from God and His covenant, as described in the Old Testament, God incarnated Himself as human through Jesus, the Son, to reach out to us more intimately, in order to save us from the hellish consequences of drifting away from Him with our own pride.  That is why Jesus invites us to him, stating:

Come to me, all you who labor and are burdened, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am meek and humble of heart; and you will find rest for yourselves.  For my yoke is easy, and my burden light” (Matthew 11:28-30).

Jesus’ invitation to a life in him – a life in the covenant with God – also means to live a life according to the new yoke of Jesus, the new commandment  (mandatum novum) in John 13:34, to love one another, as he loves us. Thus, the rest that Jesus offers in Matthew 11:28 is not simply a physical and psychological rest but rather a life in Christ, a life of love. And, it is what Jesus invites us to learn from him.

In order for us to seek and receive the rest that Jesus offers – a life in Christ, leading to transformation and salvation, we must begin our efforts of overcoming our ego by lowering our pride, as symbolized with Simon’s lowered net (Luke 5:5). As in the case of Buddhism’s goal, we must resolve our ego in order to enjoy a life in Christ completely. Thus, the rest that Jesus offers in Matthew 11:28 can also be understood in light of anatman of Buddhism teaching.  A life in Christ is fully found in the psychospiritual state of anatman.  For this, Paul puts it so well:

"For through the Law I died to the Law, so that I might live to God. "I have been crucified with Christ; and it is no longer I who live, but Christ lives in me; and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave Himself up for me” (Galatians 2:19-20).

In attaining a life in Christ, he is also found in us. This state is a secure attachment with Christ. The law that Paul refers to in the above is the yoke that makes us weary, as it is a product of our own pride and wisdom.  In Matthew 11:28-30, Jesus invites us to replace this burdensome yoke with the new yoke he offers to live a life in him and to let him in us. 

In anatoman, there is no pride. It means that there is nothing hidden from Christ, the Son, and what he offers. In this state, we are awaken (buddha) to the truth in Christ and in what he offers. It is where we find “rest” in him and take the” new yoke” he offers, as we live a life of love. And, it is our life in the secure attachment with God through Christ. 

To benefit from this, we need to let go of our ego and whatever the ego creates, including pride and burdensome yoke – the law that chokes us with constant anxieties. 

A life free from distressing anxieties is the rest that Jesus offers in Matthew 11:28. But, it is also a life under Jesus’ mandatum novum in John 13:34, as it is a life of agape. Thus, it is a life of anatman, a life without ego and what it brings, such as defilements (kleshas).  In such life, the seed that Christ saw grows better and bear abundant fruits, to appreciate Matthew 11:25-30 (the 14th Sunday Ordinary Time, Year A)  in conjunction with Matthew 13:1-9 (the 15th Sunday Ordinary Time, Year A) . 

Christ has saw good seed in each of us. Let us not kill the seed with our weary and burdened hearts, as our pride-driven consequences, such as distress and anxiety, will choke the seed, just as the seed fell among thorns will die (Matthew 13:7).  In the rest that Jesus offers (Matthew 11:28), our hearts becomes the rich soil where the seed grows into many fruits (Matthew 13:8) – just as Simon’s net caught so man fish upon accepting Jesus’ advice  (Luke 5:5-6). Let us accept what Jesus offers us – the rest, so that our hearts become the rich soil for the seed, and  the Word of God and the Holy Spirit, which are the seed that God want us to grow into bountiful fruits, in reflections of the fruits of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23)! 

Rest that Christ offers is not just rest for a respite.  It is what transforms our hearts into the rich soil to grow the seed that Christ saw.

No comments:

Post a Comment