Thursday, July 29, 2021

Love Binds Jesus and the Bethany Siblings: Martha, Mary, and Lazarus

July 29 has been known as the feast day of St. Martha, sister of Mary and Lazarus. This year (2021), Pope Francis added her siblings, Mary and Lazarus, to celebrate together with their sister, Martha.

These three siblings of Bethany, Martha, Mary, and Lazarus, represent us.

At times, we are more like Martha, and in other times, more like Mary. Or while some of us are prone to act like Martha, while the rest of us tend to be more like Mary.

And we all are to be like Lazarus when Jesus returns at the end of time, being raised from the dead, as promised by Jesus (John 6:40) and as described by Paul (1 Corinthians 15:12-58).

I think that Martha really understood what the First Reading (1 John 4:7-16) meant – though it was not yet written when she was speaking to Jesus. She loves Jesus as she knew his love for her. So, she was eager to serve him. But, in her passion to serve, she forgot one thing. And this is what her sister, Mary, plugs in: to be with attentive eyes, ears, and heart.

Based on the optional Gospel Reading (Luke 10:38-42), in connection to the First Reading (1 John 4:7-16), Martha and Mary remind us that there are two ways to serve with love: in action, by hands, and in attentive, contemplative, presence with fully open eyes, ears, and heart.

By honoring and celebrating Martha, Mary, and Lazarus, our focus on reflection is the love that connect us with God, as addressed in the First Reading (1 John 4:7-16). See how Martha, Mary, and Lazarus fit in this picture, as we reflect how they respond to the love of Jesus for them.

In health care system, my role with the specialty of pastoral care is more like Mary, while physicians and nurses are more like Martha in Luke 10:38-42. This is not to say that patients appreciate pastoral care than medical surgical care. But, pastoral care is to augment what tend to be missing as a result of physicians and nurses becoming too busy with tasks with their hands. And, according to Jesus (Luke 10:42), simply listening to a patient may be a better option for him or her than performing a certain medical-surgical procedure. What the health care system really needs is to ensure that all patients’ are listened by health care providers, not limited to pastoral care staff, no matter what medical-surgical procedure would be performed.

We tend to portray Martha as a woman too busy with tasks to listen to Jesus though Jesus prefers the way Mary was to him, listening to him intimately, as in Luke 10:38-42. But, she does listen to him and understands what he says in John 11:19-27.

We also tend to view Martha as a complainer, given Luke 10:40; John 11:21). But, we also come to appreciate how loving Martha really was – not only to Jesus for her coming quickly to welcome (Luke 10:38) and to greet (John 11:20) first, but also to her sister, Mary (John 10:28), as we go over the proper Gospel Reading option (John 11:19-27).

When Lazarus was sick, Martha and Mary sent a simple message to notify Jesus that their brother, Lazarus, was sick (John 11:3). They did not ask Jesus for anything but simply informed him of Lazarus’ sickness. Perhaps, they thought that they did not have to tell him to come, thinking that Jesus would understand that they were hoping for his visit.

But, Jesus did not visit immediately. Rather he stayed where he was for two more days, thus, delaying his response to the message from Martha and Mary (John 11:6).

Then, Jesus decided to visit Lazarus (John 11:7), but his disciples objected the idea that they are going back to Judea where Jesus was attacked (John 11:8).

Jesus responded by saying:

Are there not twelve hours in a day? If one walks during the day, he does not stumble, because he sees the light of this world. But if one walks at night, he stumbles, because the light is not in him. Our friend, Lazarus is asleep, but I am going to awaken him. John 11:9-11

In the above statement, Jesus was saying “twelve hours” figuratively for his time on earth to do the Father’s work before his scheduled death on the Cross. He was implying that he would have to raise Lazarus before the night of the Last Supper and his arrest.

The disciples thought that Lazarus would get better even Jesus would not visit because he was just sleeping for rest and recovery (John 11:12), as they did not understand that Jesus was also saying “asleep” figuratively to imply death.

So, Jesus spoke straightforwardly:

Lazarus has died. And I am glad for you that I was not there, that you may believe. Let us go to him.    John 11:14-15

Jesus’ reason to use the figurative expression, “asleep”, for death was resurrection. Because he had already determined to raise Lazarus from the death, he used the figurative expression to imply that being dead is like being asleep. Just as a sleeping person will wake up, a dead person will be raised by Jesus.

None of his disciples had insight deep enough to understand this. So, Jesus explained plainly about his intent to resurrect Lazarus, even though it was dangerous for him to go back to Judea. And this work had to be done before his entrance into Jerusalem for his passion and death on the Cross. Also, Jesus was glad that this would give his disciples an opportunity to witness the power of Jesus to raise Lazarus from the dead and restore his life, though it really saddened Jesus that his dear friend died.

So, Jesus came to Bethany, where Martha, Mary, and Lazarus lived.

As soon as she learned of Jesus’ arrival, it was Martha, who rushed to meet him, though Mary stayed in home (John 11:20).

As in the optional Gospel Reading (Luke 10:38-42), it was Martha to take an immediate action, while Mary remained “contemplative” with her grief over the death of her brother.

Does this mean that Martha was not grieving as much as Mary was?

Not necessarily so. Perhaps, it was more of Martha’s way of coping with her grief, by staying active. On the other hand, given how she was portrayed in Luke 10:39-42, Mary responds to her grief more reflectively.

Here is an intriguing question: Why Jesus showed up when Lazarus had been dead for four days (John 11:17), not even soon after his death?

It was to make sure that a superstitious belief would not interfere the belief in Jesus’ divine power, as some Jews believed that the soul a deceased person might linger around where the body is laid and buried for four days upon death.

This was what Martha did not know. That was why she was not happy about Jesus’ delayed arrival and said to him that her brother, Lazarus, could have been still alive, if he had come earlier (John 11:21). But it is important to know that Martha still believed that Jesus would do something miraculous, saying:

Even now I know that whatever you ask of God, God will give you (John 11:22).

In other words, Martha was not happy about Jesus’ delayed arrival but glad that he came though he brother, Lazarus, had been dead for four days, as she firmly believed that the divine power works through and in him.

And Jesus assured Martha:

Your brother will rise (John 11:23).

To this, Martha responded affirmatively, saying that she knew of it (John 11:24).

It was obvious that Martha believed in resurrection. This tells that Martha had nothing to do with the Sadducees, who did not believe in resurrection after death, while the Pharisees did. It is not clear if Martha’s belief in resurrection was influenced by the Pharisaic teaching. Perhaps, Martha was able to believe by interpreting Psalm 16:10-11 as David’s prophecy for God’s loving power on those who died, not abandoning them to Sheol. Or, she came to be convinced of resurrection with the news of Jesus raising Jairus’ daughter from the dead (Matthew 9:23-26//Mark 5:38-43//Luke 8:51-56). And she believed that Jesus can do something about her brother, Lazarus, though he had been dead for four days.

So, Jesus said to Martha with these words of Christological self revelation:

I am the resurrection and the life; whoever believes in me, even if he dies, will live, and everyone who lives and believes in me will never die. Do you believe this?  (John 11:25-26).

And, Martha responded:

Yes, Lord. I have come to believe that you are the Messiah, the Son of God, the one who is coming into the world  (John 11:27).

This is Martha’s affirming statement of faith, firmly believing that Jesus is the Messiah, the Christ, the Son of God, coming into the world, echoing John 3:16, affirming that God is love (1 John 4:8, 16).

Then, Martha rushed to the house and secretly called her sister, Mary, saying, “The teacher is here and is asking for you” (John 11:28).  And, Mary got up quickly and rushed to where Jesus was, as he was not yet entered the village (John 11:29-30).

It is important to note that Martha showed a great care for her sister, Mary. Martha knew that Mary had longed for Jesus’ coming at least as much as she did. At the same time, by calling her secretly – keeping the matter from others in the house, Martha wanted to make sure that Mary would have a time alone with Jesus, before he would enter the village and come near the house to be exposed to the people, who came to comfort these grieving sisters.

In John 12:1-8, we see all of these Jesus’ close friends siblings: Martha, Mary, and Lazarus, with him. These siblings hosted dinner in honor of Jesus at their home in Bethany, 6 days before the Passover, after Lazarus was raised by him (John 12:1). It was the day before his triumphant entry into Jerusalem (John 12:12), 5 days before his death on the Cross (John 19:42).

In this narrative, Martha was serving dishes, Lazarus was reclining at the table with Jesus, and Mary was washing Jesus’ feet, drying them with her hair, and applying expensive perfumed oil on his feet.

Now we see how Martha and Mary love and serve Jesus out of their love for him, in response to his love for them, reflecting  the First Reading (1 John 4:7-16).

Just as he loved Martha, Mary, and Lazarus, Jesus loves us all. The question is: Do we also love Jesus? If we love him, how are we serving him? As Martha did, mainly with our hands? Or as Mary did, mostly, by being with him closely and listening to him with our open eyes, ears, and hearts?

And as he did for Lazarus, Jesus will raise us up from the dead, because he loves us.


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