Saturday, April 2, 2022

To Believe in Christ or Not to Believe: That is the Question - Saturday of the Fourth Week of Lent

 The Gospel Reading of Saturday of the Fourth Week of Lent (John 7:40-53) is sequel to the Gospel Reading of Friday of the Fourth Week of Lent (John 7:1-2,10, 25-30). Mainly, these Gospel Readings from John 7 address how people’s perceptions of Jesus divided them: those who were open to the possibility to believe in Jesus as the Messiah and those who were becoming increasingly hostile to Jesus because of their obstinate disbelief. This division is no surprise, because, as Jesus said, he came to bring division (Luke 12:51; cf. Matthew 10:34) of those who worthy to be saved and those who are not (i.e. Matthew 13: 24-30; 47-50; cf. Matthew 25:1-13, 31-46; cf. 3:12; cf. Revelation 20:12-15; 21:27).

First, we must know that the division began to emerge in people’s reaction to Jesus’ third sign, healing a paralytic man by the mikvah of Bethsaida in Jerusalem, as the Gospel Readings of Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday of the Fourth Week of Lent (John 5:1-16; 17-30; 31-47) describe. Through these readings from John 5, we know that Jesus was accused of violating the sabbath commandment (Exodus 20:8-11)  because he performed a healing work on a sabbath  day. In response to this accusation, Jesus explained that his work was essentially the work of his Father, whose work did not end on the sixth day of the Creation. Because Jesus justified his work on a sabbath day as his Father’s work, his accusers were enraged and made it clear of their intent to kill him. Then, the argument between Jesus and his accusers focused on his relation to the Father. Through this argument, Jesus revealed his Chiristological or Messianic identity in his relation to the Father. However, his accusers remained blind to this truth. They were not like Nicodemus, whose eyes began to open to know the Christological truth in Jesus (John 3:1-21).

In John 7, Jesus was back in Jerusalem for the feast of the Tabernacle, which lasts 7 days, as the feast of the Unleavened Bread, which begins with Passover, does. Knowing that his healing work resulted in hostility toward him from some people in Jerusalem, Jesus came to Jerusalem for this feast rather furtively. However, upon teaching in the Temple, Jesus drew his accusers’ attention to himself and broke out another argument on his relationship with the Father (John 7:14-29).

In the argument, Jesus emphasized that he was sent by the Father to do His work as He entrusts him with His will. Therefore, he reiterated that he is here on his own (John 7:28-29). And this is because he and the Father are one (John 10:30, 38). In response, his accusers tried to arrest Jesus but no one dared to put a hand on him -  because it was not time for Jesus to suffer and die (John 7:30). In the meantime, a number of people began to believe in Jesus, wondering if Christ would perform more signs than, for example, healing a paralytic man (third sign) than Jesus, when he comes (John 7:31). As the religious authority became aware that some people began to believe in Jesus – or at least, became open to believe, they sent Temple guards to arrest Jesus (John 7:32).

Now, the guards were with the crowd.

Jesus said to them that he would not be around much longer as he would go to the Father, who sent him at an appointed time (John 7:33). This alludes to the time when he would be arrested, tried, scourged, nailed to the Cross, and die. And it would be the upcoming Passover, as Jesus would die as the ultimate Passover Lamb (Korban Pesach)(John 19:31, 42; cf. Exodus 12:1-14; cf. John 1:29). Then, he said:

You will look for me but not find me, and where I am you cannot come (John 7:34).

This enigmatic statement of Jesus is Christologically very profound, because where Jesus would go may have double meaning: the netherworld upon his death on the Cross (John 19:38-42) and the heaven where the Father is upon Ascension (John 14:1-12). In fact, Jesus would bring up the above statement on his departure (John 7:34) to his disciples during the Lord’s Supper:

Later during the Lord’s Supper, Jesus would refer to this statement to his disciples:

My children, I will be with you only a little while longer. You will look for me, and as I told the Jews, ‘Where I go you cannot come,’ so now I say it to you (John 13:33).

And to Peter, who asked where he would be going to Jesus:

Where I am going, you cannot follow me now, though you will follow later (John 13:36).

In this context, Jesus was referring his martyrdom, which Peter was not yet spiritually matured enough to follow (John 13:37-38).

The bottom line message of Jesus in John 7:34 is that his persecutors, as well as, those who do not believe in him, would never find him in where he would be.

Would any of those who tried to arrest and kill Jesus find him when his tomb was empty? Would any of them see him in his Kingdom?

And, this statement put the crowd and the guards rather in bewilderment about who Jesus could be (John 7:35-36).

Then on the seventh day (last day) of the feast of the Tabernacle, Jesus spoke of the living water, alluding to the Holy Spirit to come upon the completion of his glorification with his Ascension (John 7:37-39). Namely, Jesus is connecting his death on the Cross for Passover (John 19:31-42) to the outpouring of the Holy Spirit on Pentecost (Acts 2:1-13) (cf. John 14:1-31; 16:5-33).

The Gospel Reading (John 7:40-53) describes how those who have heard Jesus’ Christological argument in connection to his unique relationship with the Father (John 7:14-39) were divided between those who began to believe in Jesus as the prophesized Christ (Messiah), those who were not sure but open for the possibility that Jesus is the Christ, and those who did not believe. Those who had been trying to arrest and kill are among those who did not believe.

While some people believed that Jesus was a prophet (John 7:40), those who were not sure if he were the Christ find Jesus’ Nazarene background as an obstacle to believe, because they just could not imagine that Christ would come from Galilee, in which Nazareth locates (John 7:41). Perhaps, had Jesus come from Bethlehem, rather than Nazareth, to Jerusalem to preach in the Temple and to perform signs,  then, they would believe, based on Micah 5:1, which Christ would come from Nazareth, where David was born, as the Davidic King (i.e. John 7:42). What they did not know was the fact that Jesus was born in Bethlehem (Luke 2:1-7).

So the audience of Jesus in Jerusalem were divided as to who he really is (John 7:43).

Again, some people wanted to arrest Jesus but no one could lay a hand on him (John 7:44), just as it was before (John 7:30). It means that the Temple guards sent by the Pharisees and the chief priests to arrest Jesus did not do it.

Though the guards were sent to the scene to arrest Jesus, they seemed somewhat disarmed about Jesus, because he said that he would go away to where they could not follow (John 7:33). So, they ended up hearing Jesus and began to wonder about the possibility that he could be the Christ (Messiah), because they had never heard anyone who has spoken like Jesus (John 7:46).

The chief priests and the Pharisees were not happy that the Temple guards did not arrest and bring Jesus to them. And they even ridiculed the guards if they were fooled by Jesus, who was not in line with their authority (John 7:47-48), for only those who were ignorant of the Law would be swayed by Jesus to be accursed (John 7:49).

To this arrogantly ignorant attitude of the chief priests and the Pharisees, Nicodemus issued a challenge by saying:

Does our law condemn a person before it first hears him and finds out what he is doing? (John 7:51)

This statement of Nicodemus, a Pharisee and a member of the Sanhedrin, sounds like a statement of a “defense lawyer” of Jesus. Though the chief priests and the Pharisees were supposed to be experts not only in the Law (Torah) but to be exemplary of observing its commandments (mitzvot) . However, this statement of Nicodemus revealed that they really did not follow the Law, in particular, Deuteronomy 1:16–17.

These religious leaders would do anything to arrest and kill Jesus – even breaking the Law. And later on, when they put Jesus on trial, before handing him over to Pilate, these leaders really “cooked” the guilty verdict on Jesus by using false witnesses (Matthew 26:59; Mark 14:56), willfully violating Exodus 23:7, as well as, Deuteronomy 5:20.

Did these religious leaders admitted their hypocrisy, their sin, their violation of the Law, in their pursuit to kill Jesus?

No. Instead, they ridiculed Nicodemus, saying, “You are not from Galilee also, are you? Look and see that no prophet arises from Galilee”(John 7:52).

Guess what? These religious leaders were wrong, in saying that no prophet from Galilee, in order to debase Nicodemus.  There was a prophet, Jonah, who was from Gath Hepher, which is located in Galilee, like Nazareth (2 Kings 14:25).

Those leaders who regarded those who believe in Jesus as ignorant (John 7:49) are truly ignorant ones – too ignorant to realize their own ignorance. No wonder they were not able to see the Christological truth in Jesus and believe in him – though they boasted of their “expertise” of the Scriptures, including the Law.

While a division emerged among the audience of Jesus in regard to his Christological (Messianic) identity, the religious leaders (the chief priests and the Pharisees) would continue to pursue their desire to kill Jesus. And we will see this through week day Mass Gospel Readings for the Fifth Week of Lent and until Tuesday of the Holy Week from John’s Gospel.

Facing increasing and looming threat to him, leading to his death, it is juxtaposed to Jeremiah’s situation, as the wicked were conspiring to kill Jeremiah, as reflected in the First Reading (Jeremiah 11:18-20), which is a part of the first one of the six confessions of Jeremiah (Jeremiah 11:18-23; 12:1-6, 15:10-21; 17:14-18; 18:19-23 and 20:7-13). This is about the price that the righteous had to pay for their steadfast faith. For Jesus, the price is martyrdom. And those who believe in Jesus may pay this price, following him to where he was going.  Those who kill the righteous are the wicked who refused to repent and convert, thus, remain utterly ignorant not only about the Christ (Messiah) but also the Law. This dichotomy between those who believe and may follow Jesus as martyrs and those who do not but can try to destroy the belief is what we will pay attention in the Gospel Readings toward Holy Week and Paschal Triduum.

To believe in Jesus or not to believe - That is the question. 

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