Monday, May 29, 2023

Beatae Mariae Virginis Ecclesiae Matris – Blessed Virgin Mary, the Mother of the Church

As instituted by Pope Francis in 2018, we honor Mary as the Mother of the Church, on Monday following the Solemnity of Pentecost, which is the Eighth Sunday of Paschaltide.

The First Reading (Genesis 3:9-15, 20) describes Mary as the New Eve.

Upon Eve’s fall to the temptation by Satan, God prophesized the coming of Christ through the New Eve, Mary, to crush the head of Satan (Genesis 3:15). This signals that Mary was predestined to be the mother of Christ the Son. So, Pope Pius IX wrote in his Apostolic Constitution, Ineffabilis Deus (1854):

From the very beginning, and before time began, the eternal Father chose and prepared for his only-begotten Son a Mother in whom the Son of God would become incarnate and from whom, in the blessed fullness of time, he would be born into this world. Above all creatures did God so love her that truly in her was the Father well pleased with singular delight. Therefore, far above all the angels and all the saints so wondrously did God endow her with the abundance of all heavenly gifts poured from the treasury of his divinity that this mother, ever absolutely free of all stain of sin, all fair and perfect, would possess that fullness of holy innocence and sanctity than which, under God, one cannot even imagine anything greater, and which, outside of God, no mind can succeed in comprehending fully.

This explains that Mary was predestined to be the Immaculate Conception, full of grace, absolutely free from any effect of Original Sin committed by Eve and Adam, in order to be the Mother of the Son of God, Christ. So, Archangel Gabriel announced Mary’s role as the Mother of the Son of God, which she humbly accepted as God’s handmaid (Luke 1:26-38). And as the Mother of the Son of God, Mary gave birth to him, the incarnated Christ (Luke 2:7).

In the Gospel Reading (John 19:25-34), we hear Christ dedicating his mother, Mary, also as the mother of the disciples, from the Cross, through these words:

Behold, your mother (John 19:27).

Jesus said this directly to John, who was standing at the foot of the Cross with Mary, upon telling her to behold her son (John 19:26).

The Gospel Reading capture a pivotal moment of Mary becoming the Mother of the all disciples, represented by John, faithful enough to follow Christ to his Cross, in addition to being the Mother of the Son of God.

Why did the incarnated Christ, the Son of Mary, made his Mother also the Mother of ours?

It is obvious that he wants to draw us closer to him (John 12:32) and to the Father through him (John 14:6), as his brothers and sisters (i.e. Hebrews 2:11), to be in him and he in us, as he is in the Father and He in him (John 14:20; 17:21). And he entrusts his Mother to direct our attention to him, as she did at Cana (John 2:1-11) so that we are attached to him securely as the fruitful branches are so to the vine (John 15:1-17).

The optional First Reading (Acts 1:12-14) and the First Reading of the Solemnity of Pentecost (Acts 2:1-11) remind us that the Church was born out of the assembly of the disciples with Mary as the Holy Spirit descended and filled them. Therefore, Mary became the Mother of the Church, which has been growing out of the assembly of the disciples on Pentecost.

On November 21, 1964, at a Vatican II Council session, Pope St. Paul VI invoked and honored Mary as the Mother of the Church for being the Mother of all faithful and their pastors.  As to reflect this, the Vatican II Council dogmatic constitution, Lumen Gentium, which was promulgated on that day, by Paul VI, states:

Redeemed by reason of the merits of her Son and united to Him by a close and indissoluble tie, she is endowed with the high office and dignity of being the Mother of the Son of God, by which account she is also the beloved daughter of the Father and the temple of the Holy Spirit. Because of this gift of sublime grace she far surpasses all creatures, both in heaven and on earth. At the same time, however, because she belongs to the offspring of Adam she is one with all those who are to be saved. She is "the mother of the members of Christ . . . having cooperated by charity that faithful might be born in the Church, who are members of that Head." Wherefore she is hailed as a pre-eminent and singular member of the Church, and as its type and excellent exemplar in faith and charity. The Catholic Church, taught by the Holy Spirit, honors her with filial affection and piety as a most beloved mother.  Paragraph 53

The maternal duty of Mary toward men in no wise obscures or diminishes this unique mediation of Christ, but rather shows His power. For all the salvific influence of the Blessed Virgin on men originates, not from some inner necessity, but from the divine pleasure. It flows forth from the superabundance of the merits of Christ, rests on His mediation, depends entirely on it and draws all its power from it. In no way does it impede, but rather does it foster the immediate union of the faithful with Christ.   Paragraph 60

For Mary, who since her entry into salvation history unites in herself and re-echoes the greatest teachings of the faith as she is proclaimed and venerated, calls the faithful to her Son and His sacrifice and to the love of the Father. Seeking after the glory of Christ, the Church becomes more like her exalted Type, and continually progresses in faith, hope and charity, seeking and doing the will of God in all things. Hence the Church, in her apostolic work also, justly looks to her, who, conceived of the Holy Spirit, brought forth Christ, who was born of the Virgin that through the Church He may be born and may increase in the hearts of the faithful also. The Virgin in her own life lived an example of that maternal love, by which it behooves that all should be animated who cooperate in the apostolic mission of the Church for the regeneration of men.  Paragraph 65

Therefore, Mary, indeed, is the Mother of both the Redeemer and the Church to be redeemed. In order to ensure the redemption of Christ’s Church, us being born from above (John 3:3) by being baptized with the Holy Spirit (Matthew 3:11), into the Church (Acts 2:2-4), the Mother always keeps us the Church to her Son and keep on the right path to the Father.

 Ave Maria Beata Mater nostra, Mater Ecclesiae! Serva nos tuo Filio, Redemptore nostro!


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